18 Speech walk messages that are used at intersections having pedestrian phasing that is concurrent with vehicular phasing shall be patterned after the model: "Broadway. They are frequently installed at signalized Pedestrian signal heads used at crosswalks where the pedestrian change interval is 7 seconds or less may include a pedestrian change interval countdown display in order to inform pedestrians of the number of seconds remaining in the pedestrian change interval. 08 A walking speed of up to 4 feet per second may be used to evaluate the sufficiency of the pedestrian clearance time at locations where an extended pushbutton press function has been installed to provide slower pedestrians an opportunity to request and receive a longer pedestrian clearance time. Guidance: Standard: 01 Pedestrian signal head indications shall have the following meanings: Standard: 08 Accessible pedestrian signal detectors may be pushbuttons or passive detection devices. An accessible pedestrian pushbutton shall incorporate a locator tone. Figure 4E-4 Typical Pushbutton Locations (Sheet 1 of 2). 08 Where there are physical constraints on a particular corner that make it impractical to provide the 10-foot separation between the two pedestrian pushbuttons, the pushbuttons may be placed closer together or on the same pole. A pushbutton locator tone is a repeating sound that informs approaching pedestrians that a pushbutton to actuate pedestrian timing or receive additional information exists, and that enables pedestrians with visual disabilities to locate the pushbutton. 01 At intersections equipped with pedestrian signal heads, the pedestrian signal indications shall be displayed except when the vehicular traffic control signal is being operated in the flashing mode. Therefore, it is desirable to give users of accessible pedestrian signals the name of the street controlled by the pushbutton. If thesignal showssteady DONTWALK, it isnot safe to be in the crosswalk. Standard Highway Signs and Markings (SHSM) BookDesign Details, Interpretations Support: 05 The accessible walk indication shall have the same duration as the pedestrian walk signal except when the pedestrian signal rests in walk. A flashing WALK signal indicates that the pedestrian crossing phase is nearing completion and a DONT WALK sign will soon be displayed. Where pedestrians who walk slower than 3.5 feet per second, or pedestrians who use wheelchairs, routinely use the crosswalk, a walking speed of less than 3.5 feet per second should be considered in determining the pedestrian clearance time. 23 If a leading pedestrian interval is used, consideration should be given to prohibiting turns across the crosswalk during the leading pedestrian interval. A red flashing DONT WALK or flashing UPRAISED HAND means that no pedestrian should enter the roadway at this time. On a street with a median of sufficient width for pedestrians to wait, a pedestrian clearance time that allows the pedestrian to cross only from the curb or shoulder to the median may be provided. Pedestrians who are currently crossing may continue across the road. 02 The primary technique that pedestrians who have visual disabilities use to cross streets at signalized locations is to initiate their crossing when they hear the traffic in front of them stop and the traffic alongside them begin to move, which often corresponds to the onset of the green interval. Vibrotactile walk indications shall be provided by a tactile arrow on the pushbutton (see. A steady WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) signal indication means that a pedestrian facing the signal indication is permitted to start to cross the roadway in the direction of the signal indication, possibly in conflict with turning vehicles. Audible beaconing is the use of an audible signal in such a way that pedestrians with visual disabilities can home in on the signal that is located on the far end of the crosswalk as they cross the street. 06 Where there are physical constraints that make it impractical to place the pedestrian pushbutton between 1.5 and 6 feet from the edge of the curb, shoulder, or pavement, it should not be farther than 10 feet from the edge of curb, shoulder, or pavement. Guidance: An indication warning pedestrians that the walk indication has ended and the dont walk indication will begin at the end of the pedestrian clearance interval. Pedestrian control signals. Once it is actuated, the pilot light shall remain illuminated until the pedestrian's green or WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) signal indication is displayed. To enable pedestrians who have visual disabilities to distinguish and locate the appropriate pushbutton at an accessible pedestrian signal location, pushbuttons shall clearly indicate by means of tactile arrows which crosswalk signal is actuated by each pushbutton. If speech walk messages are used to communicate the walk interval, they shall provide a clear message that the walk interval is in effect, as well as to which crossing it applies. Where engineering judgment determines that multi-phase signal indications (as with split-phase timing) would tend to confuse or cause conflicts with pedestrians using a crosswalk guided only by vehicular signal indications. 14 The use of additional pedestrian detectors on islands or medians where a pedestrian might become stranded should be considered. The total of the walk interval and pedestrian clearance time should be sufficient to allow a pedestrian crossing in the crosswalk who left the pedestrian detector (or, if no pedestrian detector is present, a location 6 feet from the face of the curb or from the edge of the pavement) at the beginning of the WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) signal indication to travel at a walking speed of 3 feet per second to the far side of the traveled way being crossed or to the median if a two-stage pedestrian crossing sequence is used. At intersections where a diagonal pedestrian crossing is allowed, or where one street receives a WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) signal indication simultaneously with another street. Pedestrians may be provided with additional features such as increased crossing time, audible beaconing, or a speech pushbutton information message as a result of an extended pushbutton press. If the pedestrian signal indication is so bright that it causes excessive glare in nighttime conditions, some form of automatic dimming should be used to reduce the brilliance of the signal indication. 02 Pushbuttons for accessible pedestrian signals should be located in accordance with the provisions of Section 4E.08 and should be located as close as possible to the crosswalk line furthest from the center of the intersection and as close as possible to the curb ramp. At intersections with high pedestrian volumes and high conflicting turning vehicle volumes, a brief leading pedestrian interval, during which an advance WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) indication is displayed for the crosswalk while red indications continue to be displayed to parallel through and/or turning traffic, may be used to reduce conflicts between pedestrians and turning vehicles. A walking speed of up to 4 feet per second may be used to evaluate the sufficiency of the pedestrian clearance time at locations where an extended pushbutton press function has been installed to provide slower pedestrians an opportunity to request and receive a longer pedestrian clearance time. Accessible pedestrian signals shall have an audible walk indication during the walk interval only. WebThe pedestrian clearance interval consists of a flashing "Don't Walk" signal. 03 When pedestrian signal heads are used, a WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) signal indication shall be displayed only when pedestrians are permitted to leave the curb or shoulder. Support: The accessible walk indication should be recalled by a button press during the walk interval provided that the crossing time remaining is greater than the pedestrian change interval. Guidance: 12 The positioning of pedestrian pushbuttons and the legends on the pedestrian pushbutton signs shall clearly indicate which crosswalk signal is actuated by each pedestrian pushbutton. An alert tone can be particularly useful if the walk tone is not easily audible in some traffic conditions. Passive detection devices register the presence of a pedestrian in a position indicative of a desire to cross, without requiring the pedestrian to push a button. Countdown displays shall not be used during the walk interval or during the red clearance interval of a concurrent vehicular phase. Option: Tactile maps of crosswalks may also be provided. Special signal/flashing signal Special signals or flashing signals are used in specific situations, such as school zones, construction zones, and emergency vehicle preemption. 09 At locations with pretimed traffic control signals or non-actuated approaches, pedestrian pushbuttons may be used to activate the accessible pedestrian signals. This can be done by means of a speech pushbutton information message (see. 01 Pedestrian signal heads provide special types of traffic signal indications exclusively intended for controlling pedestrian traffic. Passive pedestrian detection may also be used to automatically adjust the pedestrian clearance time based on the pedestrian's actual walking speed or actual clearance of the crosswalk. no pedestrian will cross the street. Standard: Audible tones used as walk indications shall consist of multiple frequencies with a dominant component at 880 Hz. Option: 01 Accessible pedestrian signals and detectors provide information in non-visual formats (such as audible tones, speech messages, and/or vibrating surfaces). These signal indications consist of the illuminated symbols of a WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) and an UPRAISED HAND (symbolizing DONT WALK). At accessible pedestrian signal locations where pedestrian pushbuttons are used, each pushbutton shall activate both the walk interval and the accessible pedestrian signals. Longer walk intervals are often used when the duration of the vehicular green phase associated with the pedestrian crossing is long enough to allow it. Standard: A flashing UPRAISED HAND (symbolizing DONT WALK) signal indication means that a pedestrian shall not start to cross the roadway in the direction of the signal indication, but that any pedestrian who has already started to cross on a steady WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) signal indication shall proceed to the far side of the traveled way of the street or highway, unless otherwise directed by a traffic control device to proceed only to the median of a divided highway or only to some other island or pedestrian refuge area. 02 Accessible pedestrian signals shall have both audible and vibrotactile walk indications. 17 Where median-mounted pedestrian signals and detectors are provided, the use of accessible pedestrian signals (see Sections 4E.09 through 4E.13) should be considered. Potential demand for accessible pedestrian signals; A request for accessible pedestrian signals; Traffic volumes during times when pedestrians might be present, including periods of low traffic volumes or high turn-on-red volumes; The complexity of traffic signal phasing (such as split phases, protected turn phases, leading pedestrian intervals, and exclusive pedestrian phases); and, A speech walk message for the WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) indication, and. 01 To enable pedestrians who have visual disabilities to distinguish and locate the appropriate pushbutton at an accessible pedestrian signal location, pushbuttons shall clearly indicate by means of tactile arrows which crosswalk signal is actuated by each pushbutton. 10 Accessible pedestrian signals are typically integrated into the pedestrian detector (pushbutton), so the audible tones and/or messages come from the pushbutton housing. 3. WebFlashing Don't Walk or Flashing Raised Hand. The accessible walk indication shall have the same duration as the pedestrian walk signal except when the pedestrian signal rests in walk. 13 If the pedestrian clearance time is sufficient only to cross from the curb or shoulder to a median of sufficient width for pedestrians to wait and the signals are pedestrian actuated, an additional pedestrian detector shall be provided in the median. If used, a pilot light or other means of indication installed with a pedestrian pushbutton shall not be illuminated until actuation. After the countdown displays zero, the display shall remain dark until the beginning of the next countdown. Standard: 22 A speech walk message is not required at times when the walk interval is not timing, but, if provided: 23 If a pilot light (see Section 4E.08) is used at an accessible pedestrian signal location, each actuation shall be accompanied by the speech message "wait. WebWalk interval, then a flashing Don't Walk interval, followed by a solid Don't Walk interval. Speech messages might be either directly audible or transmitted, requiring a personal receiver to hear the message. Guidance: Research indicates that a rapid tick tone for each crossing coming from accessible pedestrian signal devices on separated poles located close to each crosswalk provides unambiguous information to pedestrians who are blind or visually impaired. Automatic volume adjustment in response to ambient traffic sound level shall be provided up to a maximum volume of 100 dBA. 07 Except as provided in Paragraph 8, the pedestrian clearance time should be sufficient to allow a pedestrian crossing in the crosswalk who left the curb or shoulder at the end of the WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) signal indication to travel at a walking speed of 3.5 feet per second to at least the far side of the traveled way or to a median of sufficient width for pedestrians to wait. 03 If a particular signalized location presents difficulties for pedestrians who have visual disabilities to cross the roadway, an engineering study should be conducted that considers the needs of pedestrians in general, as well as the information needs of pedestrians with visual disabilities. 01 All new pedestrian signal head indications shall be displayed within a rectangular background and shall consist of symbolized messages (see Figure 4E-1), except that existing pedestrian signal head indications with lettered or outline style symbol messages shall be permitted to be retained for the remainder of their useful service life. The signal for pedestrians to walk is a white walking symbol. Support: 09 For crosswalks where the pedestrian enters the crosswalk more than 100 feet from the pedestrian signal head indications, the symbols should be at least 9 inches high. Guidance: 04 Pushbutton locator tones shall have a duration of 0.15 seconds or less, and shall repeat at 1-second intervals. Figure 4E-1 Typical Pedestrian Signal Indications. A steady UPRAISED HAND (symbolizing DONT WALK) signal indication means that a pedestrian shall not enter the roadway in the direction of the signal indication. A flashing WALKING PERSON (symbolizing WALK) signal indication has no meaning and shall not be used. The information provided by an accessible pedestrian signal shall clearly indicate which pedestrian crossing is served by each device. 09 Figure 4E-4 shows typical pedestrian pushbutton locations for a variety of situations. The animated eyes symbol shall be illuminated at the start of the walk interval and shall terminate at the end of the walk interval. If pedestrian volumes and characteristics do not require a 7-second walk interval, walk intervals as short as 4 seconds may be used. 06 The countdown pedestrian signal shall display the number of seconds remaining until the termination of the pedestrian change interval (flashing UPRAISED HAND). Guidance:
