Before making a decision on the right type of treatment for you, evaluation by such a professional can help with devising a plan that will increase your chances of success and decrease your risk of relapse. NL had the idea for this systematic review; KJS, LSA, NL, and NE designed the study; KJS and LSA performed the literature search and data analyses; KJS drafted the first manuscript; LSA, NL and NE critically revised the manuscript. Three studies examined sustained/extended-release oral methylphenidate in addition to the study reporting methylphenidate versus aripiprazole discussed earlier. All three were in the outpatient setting and used the same dose (54 mg po OD).

Long-Term Recovery

Furthermore, overall reduced criminality 20, 21, improved motivation to change and self-efficacy 21, 23 as well as improved physical and mental health 20, 21 were found among both the treatment and control groups in some studies. The review also indicated that the likelihood of improvements in the social and health conditions was higher when participants completed 3–4 sessions of treatment compared with the control condition. These findings shed a new light on the assumption that the effects of BCBT Amphetamine Addiction on patients can go beyond treating amphetamines abuse and treat their social and health problems. However, it is not well-documented yet if BCBT is superior to pharmacological treatments for amphetamine abuse or a combination of the two treatments can work better. This systematic review revealed that participant engagement in treatment was high, abstinence from amphetamines was substantial and improvements in the social and health conditions of the participants were considerable.

What causes amphetamine dependence?

• However, there were positive signals from several agents that warrant further investigation in larger scale studies; agonist therapies show promise.
• AAC can connect you with an admissions navigator that will answer your questions, verify your insurance and help you start treatment today.
• The 43 studies examined 23 individual pharmacotherapies, most individually and some in combination.
• Both studies were in MA-dependent inpatient males with no co-occurring substance use disorder.
• There are many reasons a person may fall into a pattern of amphetamine misuse or develop SUD.

One study (2%) examined sertraline (50 mg po BD), along with CM for the treatment of MA dependence over 14 weeks 61. The four study arms were sertraline only, sertraline and CM, placebo only, placebo and CM. There was no statistically significant main or interaction effect of either sertraline or CM for measures of MA use. In fact, those in the sertraline-only arm were significantly less likely to achieve 3-week abstinence and significantly more likely to have an MA-positive UDS throughout the study compared with other study arms. Of the 4065 participants reported on in the reviewed studies, 2858 (70.3%) were male.

What Are Amphetamine Overdose Symptoms?

Conducting a traditional systematic review and meta-analyses is predicated on the assumption of studies reporting on similar outcomes, using similar outcome measures, and with similar methodology. However, the data we reviewed herein was disparate in respect to the reported outcomes and measures. This prohibited meta-analysis of the literature but allowed for a comprehensive report on the current status of the research. The titles and abstracts of the studies identified by the search strategy were evaluated by two reviewers (KS and LA) independently. Divergent selection of publications was discussed among the investigators until a consensus was obtained, and if required a third reviewer (NE) resolved disputes. Data were managed in Covidence 23 up to the point of data extraction; due to the large variation in outcome measures, data extraction was completed on identical spreadsheets by the two reviewers and compared for consistency.

Are Amphetamines Addictive?

A study of atomoxetine (80 mg po OD), a selective norepinephrine (noradrenaline) reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), randomised 69 opioid and ATS-dependent participants to 16 weeks of treatment, assessing ATS use as the primary outcome 58. The proportion of ATS-negative UDS was higher in the atomoxetine arm compared with placebo, but achieved only a small effect size, while there was no statistically significant difference in days abstinent. For secondary outcomes, the proportion of morphine-negative UDS was lower for the atomoxetine arm, while the depression scores were significantly reduced in the atomoxetine arm compared with placebo 58. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-V) criteria for Stimulant Use Disorder (SUD) and Stimulant Withdrawal 6 are listed in Table 1. In the previous version of the DSM (DSM-IV) 7, the classification listed ‘dependence’ rather than ‘use disorder’; with ‘moderate to severe’ SUD being regarded as equivalent to ‘dependence’. The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10th Revision (ICD-10) recognises ‘stimulant dependence syndrome’ and ‘stimulant withdrawal state’ 8.

These issues need to be considered by clinicians and psychologists who work with amphetamine abusers. Another study examined sustained-release oral dexamphetamine (30 mg po BD) for 60 MA-dependent participants 35. The primary outcomes included safety and efficacy defined as abstinence Alcoholics Anonymous from MA—measured by a new MA-positive UDS (measured twice weekly) and self-reported MA consumption. The present review documents that pharmacological treatments effectively helped Iranian patients alleviate some amphetamines-related symptoms.

• For instance, chronic meth abuse causes rapid tooth decay (meth mouth) and skin damage from constant scratching.
• Chronic amphetamine use alters the brain’s chemistry, causing long-lasting changes that make quitting challenging.
• Recent findings indicate that bupropion, the anti-depressant marketed as Wellbutrin, may reduce a methamphetamine-induced high as well as drug cravings elicited by drug-related cues.

Brand Names for Amphetamines

At Priory, we aim to ease those concerns by offering a free initial assessment with a specialist addiction therapist. They’ll be able to discuss the issues you’re facing with addiction in confidence. Inpatient treatment does require that the patient lives at the facility and can be more expensive than outpatient options, so it’s important to consider your personal obligations and budget when choosing a residential rehab facility. It’s important to remember, however, that treatment is not one-size-fits-all.