Piece for solo keyboard. :20, One characteristic of this excerpt that suggests it might be from the Baroque Period is: Which of the following statements best characterizes the "mood" of the Romantic period? A. . Which statement does NOT apply to the following music example? This piece of music is an example of: (3:59), This movement from a piano sonata by Beethoven exemplifies: (4:25), This cello piece exemplifies __________ form. (00:13), Does the following excerpt move mainly by disjunct, conjunct, or repeated tones? 2016: World music, 20th/21st Century: Jacqueline Fuentes: Sinuoso Trpico: D&ET, Texture: 03. (00:42). Fugues have several sections: their first section is called the Exposition. Which of the following best describes aleatory music? Both instruments are played by pressing a key, which in turn, moves a plectrum up, which plucks a string. Outline the STRUCTURE of the excerpt. For those interested in downloading a PDF handout of this unit's PowerPoint slides, click here. Some fugues contain up to 7 voices -- that means that at any given time, the ear and brain can hear up to 7 distinct melodic layers happening at the same time! Which of the following is not a composer from the Romantic period? This sound is very similar to some of the "flute" sounds heard on modern-day organs often heard in church music. Tempo is an Italian universal musical term that refers to the speed at which a music composition is played. What is the history of the Bolshevik Party? You'll read more about the pipe organ below. When it's done, voice 2 enters with the same melody through imitation, while voice 1 plays a counter-melody called the counter subject. :40. Here is the magic fire leitmotif. (00:30), The sense of beat in this example is unstressed throughout. Which of the following Italian tempo terms best applies to this selection? A large-scale composition for chorus, vocal soloists, and orchestra, usually set to a narrative biblical text, is called, Oratorio differs from opera in that it has no, What is a major difference between a cantata and an oratorio. One difference between a Renaissance Mass and a motet is: A Mass is always based on a specific text that is part of the liturgy of a given day. However, one effective stylistic use of this grammatical device is to make a vivid, surprising comparison, as when Clarke writes "A few hundred miles was infinity. One characteristic of this excerpt that suggests it might be from the Baroque Period is: It contrasts a group of instruments with a solo instrument. Monteverdi, an early baroque composer, strove to create music that was The following excerpt is an example for which style of recitative? The harmony is used through the piece to enhance the knowledge and understanding the melody with the use of color. Sir Thomas More argued that music co According to the text, what was the significance of Debussys work? Read More. The composer will modulate, which means to change key to a new area, at which point the subject returns. The texture of this excerpt is: :32 Polyphonic Which group was credited with inventing the recitative? Feel free to get in touch with us via email. Which describes this section? C. King Henry Vlll began to write songs about lost loves and romantic relationship issues. While the stile antico, the universal polyphonic style of the 16th . . homophonic ensembles and two-voiced duets, shifts between duple and triple meter, consonance with some dissonance in solo passages. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.org. 1:00, The following musical excerpt is from a recitative. According to Monteverdi, what is the difference between prima practica and seconda practica? Share this post: on Twitter on Facebook on Google+, Ben Dunnett LRSM is the founder of Music Theory Academy. It represented the first viable alternative to tonal music. In addition to the manuals, organs also have a keyboard for the feet; performers thus perform on up to 7 different manuals with their hands, as well as a single manual with their feet. Watch this video of Ernst Stolz performing a piece titled "Rowland" by John Dowland (1563-1626) an English Renaissance. Bachs Mit unsrer Macht. The arrangement starts with a solo voice (monophonic texture). The composer of this selection is: (10:26), The following excerpt features characteristics of polyphonic texture. During the Baroque period, the musical feature that lent harmonic support to the main melodic line of a composition was called: Who composed La favola dOrfeo, a work that marks the beginning of opera as a major art form? The texture has become strictly polyphonic correct incorrect * not completed. watch this video presentation for the Organ, The video presentation discusses this complex form in more detail, going through it section by section. According to the text, art of the Romantic period valued emotional restraint and clarity of form. (00:27), Which of the following is the composer for this piece? Which of the following composers was known for using folk-based fiddle tunes like the one in the following example? (7:31). Which of the following is a false statement? Example 1. Pipe organ at St. Germain cathedral in Paris, taken by Grard Janot - Own work, Public Domain. :47, Listen to this music example and answer the following question: Who would be a likely composer for this work? Which excerpt most likely represents theme and variations form? In the following sentences, underline the sentence part or parts given in parentheses. The notation was still different than what we have today, but it was the beginning of what we consider modern notation. His name is: Which one of these composers was considered a national hero in his homeland? funny ways to say home run grassroots elite basketball Menu . The musical texture that consists of a single melody without accompaniment is called: This music excerpt is an example of: (00:31), The following excerpt represents homophonic texture. The dates given in the course for the Baroque Period place it between: The composer of the following music example could likely be Which best describes the ensemble playing the Alla hornpipe movement from Water Music by Handel? To allow performers to get loud and soft sounds on their instrument, some harpsichords have two rows of keyboards on this instrument (similar to an organ). 7.1: Early Keyboard Instruments through the Baroque Period is shared under a not declared license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts. This . The virginal from above is a member of the harpsichord family. Which of the following was regarded as a leading composer of the Ars Nova style? Which of the following terms describe the texture and era for this excerpt and which do not? (5:59). Heterophony is a less common musical texture, but it is useful to understand it. The following musical excerpt is from a recitative. Depending on what the pipe is made of, its size and even shape, the sound will be completely different. Which of the following excerpts features frequently changing tempos? The following excerpt represents melody with harmonic accompaniment. Syncopation is often used in jazz settings, This example illustrates the use of: (00:30), The following example features a steady pulse played by the bass. :40. The earliest surviving operathen called dramma per musicawas written by a member of the Florentine Camerata named: When assessing a client with partial-thickness burns over 60% of the body, which finding should the nurse report immediately? Listen to the excerpt from "Se vuol ballare" from The Marriage of Figaro. (3:11). During the Romantic period, most composers were: Independent business persons, earning their living by performing music, writing music for specific occasions and commissions, and collecting royalties on published music. Singing a specific ______ together with the congregation was a critical part of weekly Lutheran religious services. In other words, no matter how hard or soft you hit the key, the sound will always be the same loudness. The proper musical term for "increasing the tempo" is __________. (3:22), This composition is a clear example of: (17:17). Which statement does NOT apply to the following music example? During the Baroque period, the musical feature that lent harmonic support to the main melodic line of a composition was called: The musical features of the following example suggest that it comes from a/an: (00:18), This music passage is an example of: (00:16). What is this composers name? It comprises a melody and an accompaniment. (left): Picture of a Virginal by Grard Janot - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0. Which statement reflects the musical features of the following music example? Which of the following were important composers in the Contemporary period? The fugue we're listening to in this unit is called the "Little Fugue in G Minor," which has 4 distinct voices. Prima practica emphasized equality of voices whereas seconda practica emphasized a hierarchy of voices. After 38 seconds, the other vocalists join in singing various different vocal and percussive parts the texture has become more complex, but it is still broadly homophonic. This is imitation. Work with our consultant to learn what to alter. Give the quiz to some of your classmates. The seventeenth-century system in New England in which church leaders sang each line of a psalm and the congregation repeated the lines back is called: In eighteenth-century New England, a new type of notation called ______________ evolved to help improve solfge instruction. 1:54. The members of the Florentine Camerata based their theories on actual dramatic music that had come down to them from the Greeks. You can see on this diagram of a polyphonic texture the different parts weaving in and out as they perform distinct melodic lines that combine to create the overall sound. Which of the following important events took place during the Baroque period? Which of the following examples features melismatic singing? a) A client with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) tells the nurse, "Sometimes I feel so frustrated. Quickly and professionally. During the episode, the composer takes away the subject (we've heard it too much, and want a rest!) :28. Mixing two primary colors creates ___ corors, The Renaissance revealed a resurgence of Greek beliefs about music. Polyphony is a major part of Baroque Music. (00:54). In contrast to the Renaissance, where vocal and choral music took center stage, instrumental music established itself as the most significant genre of the Baroque period. (1:00), Which statement reflects the musical features of the following music example? The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Composers and arrangers can introduce some elements of variation in a piece of music without altering its basic form. Perform and listen to this excerpt before attempting an . One characteristic of this excerpt that suggests it might be from the Baroque Period is: It contrasts a group of instruments with a solo instrument. 1:00, The following musical excerpt is from a recitative. Each voice has a clear melody line that it follows, but they all have been cleverly put together to form a coherent and beautiful piece of music: Polyphony is typical of music in the Renaissance period and in the Baroque period where a contrapuntal texture was very common. Which statements are true of a Baroque oratorio? After reading through page learning about early keyboard instruments, view the video presentation for this section. :22. Summary: Homophony is an important category of musical texture. It might be made up of rhythm only, or of a melody . Contrasts between a small group of soloists and a larger ensemble. The following composition, featuring 40 voices, was written by: (12:15). Tempo and rhythm are interchangeable terms. based on a Baroque tune: melody (Based on Baroque composer Henry Purcell) The secular text and overall musical style of this example suggest that it is from a/an: Listen to this music example and answer the following question: What would be the typical expectation regarding the rest of the movements of this particular type of work? False. Notes that dont belong to the traditional scale are known as ______________ alterations. Consonant harmonies usually provide a feeling of tension. (00:20). The 4 different textures that I am going to explain will help you describe what each of the different parts are contributing to the overall sound. This is a great way of bringing contrast into a piece. Basso continuo; The Doctrine of Affections, The following excerpt is an example for which style of recitative? You'll notice that the instruments are visually very stunning -- we saw the harpsichord in Chapter 5.2 on chamber music in the Baroque period (1600-1750). This music excerpt is an example of: (00:31) Polyphonic texture. Which best describes the texture of the first movement of Bach's Cantata 140, Wachet auf? When all of the voices have finished playing the subject, the exposition is over and the music moves into the episode. for imperative, int. Let us have a look at your work and suggest how to improve it! You can get your paper edited to read like this. Members of the Camerata wanted to create a new vocal style based on the, Which of the following statements is not true. Almost a "ye-olde" type of old. Monteverdi an early baroque composer strove to create music that was. This music passage is an example of: (00:16) Homophony Which of the following characterize Strozzi's Amor dormiglione (Sleepyhead, Cupid!) What best describes the opening passage of Contrapunctus I by Bach? Bach (whom you read about in the earlier chapter 5.2). Which characteristic of texture in this example is most closely associated with music of the Contemporary period? Which group was credited with inventing the recitative? Vivaldi wrote instrumental music that depicts a scene without the use of sung words, a style called: A Baroque concerto is a(n) ______ form that is based upon the ______ of two dissimilar bodies of ______. Guido dArezzo wrote The Fundamentals of Music, a very important medieval treatise (essay). An ____________ is an orchestral composition performed before the curtain rises on a dramatic work. The texture of this excerpt is: :32 Polyphonic Which group was credited with inventing the recitative? :40, Which of these examples is a recitative? One stop for all your course learning material, explainations, examples and practice questions. This brings us to our next texture: The definition of homophony comes from the Greek (homo-phonic), literally meaning same-sounding. :47. Wide dynamic range and repetition in the melody to express deep feelings. When voice 2 finishes the subject, voice 3 then enters with the subject; when it's done, voice 4 then plays the subject while all the other voices continue to play their own thing. :21, What is the name of the technique used in the following excerpt? The secular text and overall musical style of this example suggest that it is from a/an: Which of the following is the process of getting oxygen from the environment to the tissues of the body? ____________________. :47, Listen to this music example and answer the following question: Who would be a likely composer for this work? The term harmony refers to the horizontal aspect of music. Types of Musical Textures His goal was to be both a playwright and an actor. Some of the most famous organ works were composed by J.S. (True or False), Cozzolani wrote two settings of the ____, a hymn to Mary, the concluding part of the evening office of ____. Given the atonal nature of this example, which of the following is the most likely composer? If the printed program at a concert indicated that the first movement of a symphony was titled Allegro and the second Andante, you would expect: The first movement to be fast, the second slower, The tempo of this example could be described as: (00:20), The tempo in this example could be described as: (00:30), The trumpet melody in the following excerpt can be best described as: (00:03), The melodic material in the following excerpt can be best described as having: B. Ottaviano Petrucci proved that music could be a commercial success through distribution. Underline the infinitive phrase in each sentence, and identify the phrases function by writing above it S for subject, PN for predicate nominative, DO for direct object, ADJ for adjective, or ADV* for adverb. All fugues are polyphonic in texture, and employ a compositional technique known as imitation. The following selection, sung by Historicus, comes from a well-known __________. Take a listen to organist Hans-Andre Stamm performing this famous work that's often associated with Halloween before moving on to the "Fugue." Baroque trumpets were still "natural," meaning that they: What dances were standard of a Baroque suite? Not all fugues are written for the organ, but Bach did write dozens of them for a solo organist. Bach (whom you read about in the earlier chapter 5.2). (00:20). initialism for soprano, alto, tenor, bass, defining the voice types required by a chorus or choir to perform a particular musical work. Renaissance artists didnt really care very much if their works appealed to the public at large; they were more concerned about the "purity" of their music. A multi-movement sacred work for soloist and choir intended for a concert performance A Baroque sonata is. Let us have a look at your work and suggest how to improve it! In the Baroque period, music for keyboard, Was created mainly for use in instrumental genres such as sonatas, suites, and concertos, The following excerpt is most likely from a/an: and thus reduces this movement to a more intimate four-part texture. Which of the following characterize Cozzolani's Magnificat? Which one of the following composers style is most closely associated with that of the commercial music world known as Tin Pan Alley? The above picture depicts a person playing a hydraulis, which is a water-powered keyboard organ from the Ancient world. When the subject returns, we call this a middle entry - in other words, the subject enters again, in the middle of the piece. Which best describes this section? (00:14). The diagram above demonstrates the entire form of Bach's "Little Fugue." Early baroque music is characterized by frequent use of polyphonic texture. Which statement reflects the musical features of the following music example? In this form, whilst the accompanying parts do not follow the same rhythms as the lead melody line, their overall purpose is to provide an underlying harmony and accompaniment to the melody. Have a listen to this example of Lady Gaga performing the National Anthem at the Superbowl: In this example a piano has been added to the solo vocal line so it is clearly not monophonic. After 30 seconds, 3 vocalists are singing together in a homophonic and homorhythmic texture. A subject complement is the noun, pronoun, or adjective that follows a linking verb and identifies or describes the subject. For smaller instruments, the performer would pump with their feet or knees to create a vacuum to collect air, and push it through the pipes as they played (you can see a short video of a performer doing there here). In the Baroque period, music for keyboard Was created mainly for use in instrumental genres such as sonatas, suites, and concertos, The following excerpt is most likely from a/an: Picture by I. QuartierLatin1968, CC BY-SA 3.0. :29. Baroque music, a style of music that prevailed during the period from about 1600 to about 1750, known for its grandiose, dramatic, and energetic spirit but also for its stylistic diversity. Which of the following describes the texture and era for this excerpt and which do not? When you describe the texture of a piece of music, you are describing the relationship of melodic and (sometimes) harmonic elements with each other. the sudden alternation from one dynamic level to another, The main keyboard instruments of the baroque period were the organ and the, The most characteristic feature of baroque music is its use of, A bass part together with numbers that specify the chords to be played above it is called, To what does the word movement in music normally refer, a piece that sounds fairly complete and independent but is part of a larger composition, In the Baroque Period, the citizen's opportunity for hearing music usually came from the, In Italy, music schools were often connected with, A concerto grosso most often has ______ movements, The larger group of players in a concerto Grosso is known as the. Early baroque music is characterized by frequent use of polyphonic texture. Heterophonic music is where a melody is varied by an additional voice/part at the same time as the original melody is being played. There are four music textures that you need to understand: In this lesson we will look at definitions and explanations for each musical texture in turn. A multi-movement instrumental work based on rhythms of popular dances. The sacred text and overall musical style of this example suggests that it is part of a/an: The excerpt moves from monophonic to polyphonic to homophonic. In general, operatic arias of the Romantic period, for example those by Giacomo Puccini (1858-1924), provide good examples of homophonic music. Which of the following examples features melismatic singing? The great European churches and cathedrals of the Medieval period were important to the development of Western music, Lonin and Protin were two composers associated with Notre Dame and the development of polyphony, The following composition is a work by: (6:03). He requires that customers (pay) in cash. During the Baroque period, the term sonata was used for musical works __________. (3:31), Contrasts between a small group of soloists and a larger ensemble, The following excerpt is most likely from a/an: (00:40), The following excerpt is most likely from a(n) (00:33), The following musical excerpt is from a recitative. Which of the following characteristics are associated with the rococo style? The opening motive consists of alternative (sixths & fourths/fourths & thirds/sixths and thirds/fifths and thirds) 4. Unlike the clavichord from above, the harpsichord does not have "touch sensitivity." Please check your email inbox for a confirmation email to access the FREE resources.. we respect your privacy and will never share your email address with 3rd parties. Which statement does NOT apply to the following music example?:20. Many composers of the Baroque Period (1600-1750) composed music solely for the organ. In baroque practice, recitative was accompanied by a semi-improvised basso continuo. From which of the following pairs would you choose the most likely composer of this example? Musical Texture refers to how different layers of a piece of music are combined to produce the overall sound. :40, Listen to this music example and answer the following question: What would be the typical expectation regarding the rest of the movements of this particular type of work? A baroque musical composition usually expresses ___________ within the same movement. (00:59). The independence and equality of concurrent melodic lines, The following excerpt represents polyphonic texture. . The following statement contains an italicized vocabulary word. Homophonic throughout: texture (the texture of a unique melody with the accompaniment of some instrument) Ternary (A-B-A): form (form can be described as ternary or binary, wheter it has two or three elements) Homophonic at the beginning and polyphonic at the end: texture . "Ahi" ("alas," "oh," or "oi"), is repeated antiphonally, in sudden contrast to previous material, a dramatic gesture like pressing one's hand on the chest or forehead. Which statement reflects the musical features of the following music example? The Thirty Years' War The imitation of various voices of texture was common of the baroque period. Music that allows for an element of chance to enter the performance, Nadia Boulanger was a prominent music teacher who taught some of the most influential composers of the 20th century, including Aaron Copland, Philip Glass, and Walter Piston. One characteristic of this excerpt that suggests it might be from the Baroque Period is: :29 It contrasts a group of instruments with a solo instrument. (00:19). (00:27), It features imitation that goes through all the voices. According to Monteverdi, what is the difference between prima practica and seconda practica? :47, Which statement reflects the musical features of the following music example? In contrast to the Renaissance, where vocal and choral music took center stage, instrumental music established itself as the most significant genre of the Baroque period. Melodic ideas that are shown in one voice appear in other voices as well. (00:09), The following excerpt represents monophonic texture. He is a music teacher, examiner, composer and pianist with over twenty years experience in music education. Which of the following is NOT a Baroque composer? Excerpt from La serva padrona Act I: Sempre in contrasti. Which of the following was not a French composer? When assessing a client with partial-thickness burns over 60% of the body, which finding should the nurse report immediately? Which statement does NOT apply to the following music example? (00:11), The following excerpt represents melody with harmonic accompaniment. A multi-movement sacred work for soloist and choir intended for a concert performance, A piece for solo instrument or a small group of instruments, A piece that contrasts a solo instrument with an ensemble. Some of the ______ in the Baroque suite were of ______ origin, bringing a bit of earthiness to the more ______ surroundings. NOTE: Be careful not to confuse the number of musical lines with the number of performers producing the musical lines. They may well be singing at different octaves (a little girl in the crowd is going to be singing at a much higher octave than an older man), but it is still a monophonic texture as they are singing in unison. Who composed La favola dOrfeo, a work that marks the beginning of opera as a major art form? Identify the linking verb and the subject complement in below sentence. Subscribe to our mailing list and get FREE music resources to your email inbox. 1:01, The vocal technique illustrated by the following example is known as: Here is a diagram showing all 4 of the textures we have looked at. It is extraordinary how much emotion Debussy creates with just a solo melody line: We rarely hear entirely monophonic songs in the published contemporary musical scene. :24, The following excerpt is most likely from a: In contrast to the Renaissance, where vocal and choral music took center stage, instrumental music established itself as the most significant genre of the Baroque period. How are EXPRESSIVE TECHNIQUES and DURATION used in this excerpt? (4:32). Then, watch this video of Steven Devine demonstrating the sound of the Clavichord, Watch this video of Jean Rondeau performing J.P. Rameau's, you can see a short video of a performer doing there here, Take a listen to organist Hans-Andre Stamm, performing this famous work that's often associated with Halloween. This is called: (00:01), The following excerpt represents a melody without harmonic accompaniment. (00:22), Does the following excerpt move mainly by disjunct, conjunct, or repeated tones? ____________ is a musical idea repeated over and over in the bass while melodies above it constantly change. (00:25), Which of the following composers wrote this symphony? The melody in this composition is representative of Romantic music because it: (00:34). What musical style does Mozart use, and to what effect, at this point in the . The sections of the Classical sonata-allegro form are: Exposition, Development, and Recapitulation, We can say that the harmony in the following example is typical of the Classical period because it features: (00:26), chord accompaniment and clear, strong cadences, Beethoven is sometimes referred to as "The Father of the Symphony.

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